- Accepted author manuscript (AAM)
- the peer-reviewed, final version of an
article prior to publication, and before copyediting
and typesetting by the publisher.
- Article processing charge (APC)
- a supply-side (i.e. author-side,
institution-side or funder-side) payment to publishers to
cover the publishing costs of their work in order to achieve
gold open access.
- Big deal
- bundled journal subscriptions that
offer savings when compared to á la carte prices. Libraries
complain that journal publishers abuse their monopolies to
charge inflated subscription prices. See this list
of libraries that have cancelled big deals.
- Bronze open access
- content made freely available on the
websites of scholarly publishers but without an open licence
like Creative Commons. Bronze OA is not considered truly OA
since the publisher can decide to close off free access at any
time.
- CLOCKSS
- a digital preservation initiative.
Acronym for Controlled Lots of Copies Keeps Stuff Safe.
- Creative Commons licenses
- a series of licenses designed to allow
the free distribution of an otherwise copyrighted work. CC
licenses allow authors to remain the copyright holders and
grant third parties the right to use, reproduce, and share
their materials according to the chosen Creative
Commons license agreement. The most frequently used and the one
required by cOAlition S for Plan S compliance is the CC BY (or
attribution) license, which allows others to distribute, remix,
adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format, so long
as attribution is given to the author.
- Diamond Open Access
- Diamond is an open-access publication
model in which journals and platforms do not charge fees
(APCs) to either authors or readers. The costs of publication
are normally covered by a third party, a funding agency, or a
consortium of university libraries such us the Open Library of
Humanities. Diamond Open Access journals are normally
community-driven, academic-led, and academic-owned publishing
initiatives.
- Document Object Identifier (DOI)
- an identifier in the form
10.7766/orbit.v2.1.50 or
https://doi.org/10.7766/orbit.v2.1.50 that uniquely addresses
a scholarly resource. The DOI system is part of the digital
preservation infrastructure. In the event that a journal goes
offline or the publisher folds, the DOI is updated to point to
the preserved version, ensuring continued access. A DOI is
supposed to be an identifier that will always return the resource
and it comes with substantial social structures (such as financial
penalties if metadata are not kept up-to date) to ensure this.
- Double dipping
- term used to describe when when a
hybrid journal that levies an article processing charge also
charges for subscriptions without offsetting the subscription
price to reflect revenue claimed from the APC.
- Embargo Period
- refers to a period during which access
to scholarly work is restricted to those who have paid the
subscription. The duration of the embargo is usually
specified by the publisher or the funding agency. Once the
embargo period ends, an article can be deposited in an
open-access repository.
- Fair open access
- a form of non-profit scholarly
publishing in OA that safeguards full control over the
publication process by the scholarly community. These
principles are supported by the Fair Open Access Alliance
(FOAA).
- Fair principles
- these principles state that data should
be findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable. A
cornerstone of the growing open data movement.
- Gold open access
- scholarly material made open access
directly on the publisher’s website. Gold open access does
not refer to any specific business model. The cost of
publishing is either covered by authors or their institutions
through the payment of article processing charges (APCs) or by
a third party (Diamond OA).
- Green open access
- scholarly material made open access by
deposit in a repository. Note that green open access does not
refer to any specific business model.
- Hybrid journal
- a subscription journal that offers an open-access option.
- Legacy publisher
- a term often used pejoratively to
describe publishers who trace their origins to a 19th and
20th-century model of book and journal publishing. Often used
to differentiate ‘new’ modes of scholarly communication. This
term is used interchangeably with the more positive
‘traditional’ publishing or ‘trade’ publishing.
- LOCKSS
- a digital preservation initiative,
acronym for Lots of Copies Keeps Stuff Safe.
- Mandate
- a requirement that work be made open
access, usually requested and enforced by a government,
funding body, or institution.
- Metadata
- peripheral information about an object,
in this case a scholarly resource. For instance, author,
affiliation, title, date published, journal name, issue,
volume etc. are all pieces of metadata pertaining to a journal
article.
- Offsetting agreement
- compensation by a publisher to an
institution for the extra money they are putting into the
system through payment of APCs. See ‘article processing charge
(APC)’ and ‘double dipping’
- Open access (OA)
- according to the Budapest Open Access
initiative, open access refers to the publication of academic
research that is free for the public to access, read,
download, copy, share, or use through the applications of open
licenses. See also green open access, gold open access and
diamond open access.
- Open Access repository
- also referred as the Green OA route, is
a digital archive of an institution’s scholarly outputs.
Repositories provide free and instant access to scholarly
research outputs allowing researchers to self-archive their
work. They are normally run by research institutions or related
organisations and operate as a central location for storing,
preserving, and disseminating research outputs.
- Open data
- the free availability and reusability
of data without restriction or copyright. See also ‘FAIR
principles’ and ‘open science’.
- Open science
- scientific research, data and
dissemination accessible to all by design. See also ‘open
access (OA)’ and ‘open data’.
- Plan S
- initiative for open-access publishing
that was launched in September 2018. The plan is supported by
cOAlition S, an international consortium of research funding
organisations. Plan S requires that, from 2021, research
publications that are funded by its member organisations to be
made immediately available in open access journals or reputed
open-access repositories without an embargo period.
- Portico
- a digital preservation initiative.
- Postprint
- a manuscript that has passed peer
review.
- Preprint
- a manuscript that has not yet been
peer-reviewed.
- Scholar-led
- publishing initiatives founded and run
by scholars. These initiatives tend to be small,
not-for-profit, progressive, and focused on a specialist
niche.
- Self-archiving
- the process of an author making his or
her work green open access by depositing the work in a
repository.
- Serials crisis
- the growing inability of library
budgets to keep up with the rapid inflation of subscription
fees. This crisis has been ongoing since the 1980s.
- Transformative Agreements (TAs)
- also known as 'read and publish'
agreements are contracts negotiated between institutions and
publishers aimed at transforming the business model
underlying scholarly publishing from subscription-based reading
towards OA publishing models.
- Zombie journal
- An academic journal published by a
commercial publisher that has lost the respect and support of
its scholarly community. Zombie journals are formed when
editorial boards resign en masse from running an academic
journal in response to the anti-intellectual and commercial
practices of the publisher. This is often followed by the launch
of a new open-access journal to which the academic community
migrates, leaving behind the undead zombie title, a husk of its
former self, and emblem of the acquisitive motives of unscrupulous
commercial scholarly publishers. Related to vampire capitalism, which
Karl Marx defined in Capital, Vol. 1 as “dead labour which,
vampire-like, lives only by sucking living labour.”
